第1部分：词汇选项：2012年职称英语考试综合类B级真题及答

• 第1页：第1部分：词汇选项
• 第2页：第2部分：阅读判断

• 第3页：第3部分：概括大意
• 第4页：第4部分：阅读理解

• 第5页：第5部分：补全短文
• 第6页：第6部分：完型填空

　　第4部分：阅读理解(第31~45题，每题3分，共45分)

　　下面有3篇短文，每篇短文后有5道题。请根据短文内容，为每题确定1个最佳选项。

　　第一篇

Oseola McCarty

　　LATE ONE SUNDAY AFTERNOON in September 1999, Oseola McCarty, an elderly cleaning lady passed away in the little wooden flame house where she had lived and worked most of her life. It may seem like an ordinary end to a humble life, but there was something quite exceptional about this woman.

　　In the summer of 1995, McCarty gave $150,000, most of the money she had saved throughout her life, to the University of Southern Mississippi in her hometown. The money was to help other African Americans through university. She had started her savings habit as a young child when she would return from school to clean and iron for money which she would then save.

　　She led a simple, frugal existence, never spending on anything but her most basic needs. Her bank also advised her on investing her hard-earned savings.

　　When she retired, she decided that she wanted to use the money to give children of limited means the opportunity to go to university. She had wanted to become a nurse, but had to leave school to look after ill relatives and work. When asked why she had given her life savings away, she replied, "I'm giving it away so that children won't have to work so hard, like I did." After news of her donation hit the media, over 600 donations were made to the scholarship fund. One was given by media executive, Ted Turner, who reputedly gave a billion dollars.

　　She didn't want any fuss made over her gift, but the news got out and she was invited all over the United States to talk to people. Wherever she went, people would come up to her to say a few words or to just touch her. She met the ordinary and the famous, President Clinton included. In the last few years of her life, before she died of cancer, McCarty was given over 300 awards：she was honoured by the United Nations and received the Presidential Citizen's Medal. Despite having no real education, she found herself with two honorary doctorates：one from the University of Southern Mississippi and the other from Harvard University. Her generosity was clearly an inspiration to many and proof that true selflessness does exist.

Oseola Marcaty

　　31. This woman shocked and inspired the world because ______.

　　A. she had managed to save so much money

　　B. she gave her money to African Americans

　　C. she gave her life savings to help others through university

　　D. she only spent money on cheap things

　　【答案】：C

　　32. She managed to save so much money because ______.

　　A. she had ironed and washed clothes all her life

　　B. she had worked hard, saved hard and invested carefully

　　C. she had opened a good bank account

　　D. she knew how to make money

　　【答案】：B

　　33. She gave her money away because ______.

　　A. she wanted to help the university

　　B. she wanted others to have the chance to become nurses

　　C. she wanted others to have the opportunity to escape a hard life

　　D. she want to be remembered after her death

　　【答案】：C

　　34. When her generosity was made ______.

　　A. people donated billions

　　B. hundreds of students got scholarships

　　C. hundreds of people put money into the fund

　　D. she was sent to university

　　【答案】：C

　　35. Marcarty’s generosity indicates clearly that

　　A. scholarship funds are popular in US

　　B. Kind-hearted people deserves doctorates

　　C. Selflessness exists in human society

　　D. Poor people can donate as much as rich people

　　【答案】：C

　　36题—39题

From Ponzi to Madoff

　　The year was 1920. The country was the United States of America. The man's name was Charles Ponzi. Ponzi told people to stop depositing money in a savings account. Instead, they should give it to him to save for them. Ponzi promised to pay them more than the bank. For example, a savings account might pay you $5 a year for every $100 you deposit. Ponzi, however, would pay you $40 a year for every $100 you gave him to hold. Many people thought this was a good plan. They began to give their money to Ponzi.

　　How could Ponzi make so much money for people? This is what he did with the money people gave him: He used some of that money to pay other people who gave him money. However, he also kept a lot of the money for himself. Soon he had $250 million. This was a kind of theft, and it was against the law. The people who gave him their money didn't think anything was wrong. Ponzi paid them every month, just like a bank. Ponzi continued this way of working for two years. Then one day, he didn't have enough money to pay all the people. They discovered his crime, and he went to prison for fraud.

　　Ninety years later, people began to hear about a businessman in New York named Bernard Madoff. People said he gave good advice about money. They said when they gave him their money, he paid them a lot more than the bank. Madoff helped hospitals, schools, and individuals earn money. Over a period of 40 years, people gave him $170 billion. However, no one investigated what he did with the money. The people who gave Madoff their money also didn't think anything was wrong because he paid them every month.

　　One day, Madoff didn't have enough money to pay all the people he needed to pay. That's when people discovered how Madoff worked: He was taking money from some people to pay other people, just the way Charles Ponzi did. However, this time, instead of losing millions of dollars, people lost billions.

　　Madoff was accused of fraud, and United States government officials arrested him. He didn't have to go on trial because he said he was guilty. In 2009, a judge sentenced him t0 150 years in prison. Bernard Madoff's crime was even bigger than Ponzi's. It was the biggest fraud in history. The lesson of this story is clear: When something seems too good to be true, it probably is!

　　36. For every $100, Ponzi promised to pay people

　　A. $5 a year.

　　B. $20 a year.

　　C. $40 a year.

　　D. $100 a year.

　　【答案】：C

　　37. What did Ponzi do with the money people gave him?

　　A. He spent it all on things for himself.

　　B. He used some of it to pay other people.

　　C. He deposited it all in a bank.

　　D. He kept it all to save for a good plan.

　　【答案】：B

　　38. What was Ponzi's crime?

　　A. He robbed the banks of millions of dollars.

　　B. He gave people more than the bank did.

　　C. He kept a lot of other people's money for himself.

　　D. He did not pay people their interests.

　　【答案】：D

　　39. How long did Madoffs tricks last?

　　A. Forty years.

　　B. Four year.

　　C. Nine years.

　　D. Ninety years.

　　【答案】：A

　　40. Why didn't Madoff have to go on trial?

　　A. The officiais couldn't find any evidence against him.

　　B. He had friends in the government who helped him.

　　C. He admitted he was guilty.

　　D. He returned all the illegal money.

　　【答案】：C

　　第三篇

Gross National Happiness

　　In the last century， new technology improved the lives of many people in many countries. However， one country resisted these changes. High in the Himalayan mountains of Asia， the kingdom of Bhutan remained separate. Its people and Buddhist（佛教）culture had not been affected for almost a thousand years. Bhutan， however， was a poor country. People died at a young age. Most of its people could not read， and they did not know much about the outside world. Then， in 1972， a new ruler named King Jigme Singye Wangchuck decided to help Bhutan to become modern， but without losing its traditions.

　　King Wangchuck looked at other countries for ideas. He saw that most countries measured their progress by their Gross Natonal Product（GNP）。 The GNP measures products and money. When the number of products sold increases， people say the country is making progress. King Wangchuck had a different idea for Bhutan. He wanted to measure his country’s progress by people’s happiness. If the people’s happiness increased， the king could say that Bhutan was making progress. To decide if people were happier， he created a measure called Gross National Happiness（GNH）。

　　GNH is based on certain principles that create happiness. People are happier if they have health care， education， and jobs. They are happier when they live in a healthy， protected environment. They are happier when they can keep their traditional culture and customs. Finally， people are happier when they have a good， stable government.

　　Now these is some evidence of increased GNH in Bhutan. People are healthier and are living longer. More people are educated and employed. Teenty-five percent of the land has become national parks， and the country has almost no pollution. The Bhutanese continue to wear their traditional clothing and follow their ancient Buddhist customs. Bhutan has also become a democracy. In 2008， King Wangchuck gave his power to his son. Although the country still had a king， it held its first democratic elections that year. Bhutan had political parties and political candidates for the first time. Finally， Bhutan has connected to the rest of the world through television and internet.

　　Bhutan is a symbol for social progress. Many countries are now interested in Bhutan’s GNH. These countries are investigating their own ways to measure happiness. They want to create new policies that take care of their people， cultures， and land.

　　Brazil may be the nest country to use the principles of GNH. Brazilian leaders see the principles of GNH as a source of inspiration. Brazil is a large country with a diverse population. If happiness works as a measure of progress in Brazil， perhaps the rest of the world will follow.

　　41. Who was Jigme Singye Wangchuck?

　　A. A president.

　　B. A Buddhist priest.

　　C. A general.

　　D. A king.

　　42. Apart from modernizing Bhutan, what else did Wangchuck want to do for Bhutan?

　　A. To make its population grow.

　　B. To keep it separate from the world.

　　C. To encourage its people to get rich.

　　D. To keep its tradition and customs.

　　43. A country shows its progress with GNP by

　　A. selling more products.

　　B. spending more money.

　　C. spending less money.

　　D. providing more jobs.

　　44. According to GNH, people are happier if they

　　A. have new technology.

　　B. can change their religion.

　　C. have a good, stable government.

　　D. have more money.

　　45. Today, many countries are

　　A. using the principles of GNH to measure their progress.

　　B. working together to develop a common scale to measure GNH.

　　C. taking both Bhutan and Brazil as symbols for social progress.

　　D. trying to find their own ways to measure happiness.

　　答案：

　　41．Who was Wangchuck?

　　【答案】：D. king

　　相关句（第一段）：…anew ruler called king Wangchuck…

　　42. Apart from modernization modernizing Bhuta, whatelse did Wangchuck want to do for Bhuta?

　　【答案】：D. keep its traditions and customs.

　　相关句：Wangchuck decided to help Bhutan to become modern, but without losing its traditions.

　　43. A country shows its progress with GNP by ___.

　　【答案】：A. selling more products

　　相关句：The GNP measures products and money. When the number of products sold increases people say the country is making progress.

　　44. According to GNH, people are happier if they ___.

　　【答案】：C. have a good stable government

　　45. Today many countries are ___.

　　【答案】：D. trying to find their own ways to measure happiness.

　　相关句：Many countries are interested in Bhutan’s GNH. These countries are investigating their own ways to measure happiness.

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