TXET 1：2013年在职工程硕士英语阅读理解练习及答案一
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The Poetry of Gwendolyn Brooks has been praised for deepening the significance of personal and social experiences so that these experiences become universal in their implication. She has also been praised for her "sense of form, which is basic and remarkable." Many of her poems are concerned with a Black community named Bronzeville, on the south side of Chicago. Her literary skill makes Bronzeville more than just a place on a map. This community, like all important literary places (Robinson's Tibury Town and Masters' Spoon River, for example), becomes a testing ground of personality, a place where the raw material of experience is shaped by imagination and where the joys and trials of being human are both sung and judged. The qualities for which Brooks's poetry is led are (as one critic has pointed out) "boldness, invention, a daring to experiment, and a naturalness that does not scorn literature but absorbs it."
Her love for poetry began early. At the age of seven. she "began to put rhymes together," and when she was thirteen, one of her poems was published in a children's magazine. During her teens she contributed more than seventy-five poems to a Chicago newspaper. In 1941 she began to attend a class in writing poetry at the South Side Community Art Center, and several years later, her poems began to appear in Poetry and other magazines. He first collection of poems, A Street in Bronzeville, was published in 1945. Four years later, Annie Allen, her second collection of poems, appeared. In 1950 Annie Allen was awarded a Pulitzer prize for poetry. A novel, Maud Martha, about a young black girl growing up in Chicago, published in 1953, was praised for its warmth and insights. In 1963 her selected Poems appeared.
1. The main subject of the passage is Gwendolyn Brooks's _____.
[A] personal background
[B] hometown
[C] literary achievements
[D] childhood
2. Why does the author mention Tibury Town and Spoon River?
[A] To give credit to tow great writers.
[B] To provide examples of important literary places.
[C] To suggest similarities between Brooks's style and that of other writers.
[D] To encourage the reader to read Robinson and Masters.
3. The author uses quotations in the first paragraph primarily to _____.
[A] help emphasize the significance of Brooks's poetry
[B] introduce biographical information about Brooks
[C] present opposing points of view about Brooks's work
[D] state little-known facts about Brooks's novel
4. According to the passage, Brooks's poetry was first published when she was _____.
[A] seven years old
[B] attending a class in writing
[C] in her teens
[D] an established novelist
5. Her novel was praised because _____.
[A] she wrote something about the Black people
[B] she had a good personality
[C] her works were shaped by imagination
[D] she had promoted social and personal experiences
参考答案：C B A C D
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The significance of trust is that it allows the parties involved in the relationship to indicate how they feel, what they behave, and where they disagree without fear of contradiction or reprisal(报复). Trusting relationship encourage people to disclose their plans and perceptions without hurting them selves or others. Hurt, whether real or imagined, is one of the most harmful consequences of personal relationships with other human beings. In situations which you feel that the other person has the power and intent to hurt you, trust diminishes quickly. Thus a climate of distrust appears in your relations with others. Conversely, if I can say whatever comes to my mind without getting hurt, a climate of trust pervades the relationship. Trust is a perceptual phenomenon that evolves from our experiences with others. If trusting were so easy, we would not need to make such a point of its importance in human relationships. To say that a person should trust others is to diminish the difficulty of producing trust. In mutual relationships, both parties must be have toward one another in trusting ways. Even though it hurts in the pit of the stomach(心窝), you must trust the other person and encourage him or her to say those things that demand a trusting response. No one likes to get hurt and few like to hurt others, especially not those others who are close to us in person-to-person relationships. We avoid expressing our true feelings lest we become the target of a revenging attack from the other person. If I indicate that I do not appreciate having you smoke in my car, I may love you as a friend or I may become the subject of ridicule for allowing little things like that to bother me. If that happens, I will be less open and less trusting of you the next time.
1. The significance of trues lies in the fact that _____.
[A] trust is not easy to reach between human beings
[B] trust allows people to say whatever comes to their minds
[C] one likes to get hurt
[D] few like to trust others
2. What will not happen if a person feeds he will be hurt by the other?
[A] Trust diminishes quickly.
[B] He will disclose his plans and perceptions.
[C] A climate of distrust pervades the relationship?
[D] One of the most harmful consequences of personal relationships with others appear.
3. Trust is a phenomenon that _____.
[A] results from our expericences with others
[B] comes from our perceptions
[C] may trust in the pit of the stomach
[D] none of the above
4. People avoid expressing their true feelings because _____.
[A] they become the target of revenging attack from others
[B] they are not so open and trusting others
[C] they do not want to become the target of revenging attack from others
[D] they do not want to lose friends
5. Implied but not stated _____.
[A] People usually do not like to trust those who are close to us
[B] People will usually get reprisal or ridicule for their trust
[C] If trust has been established,it will never disappear
[D] The negative response will usually result in the diminishing of trusting between persons
参考答案：B B A C D
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Cigarette smoking is believed by most research workers in this field to be an important factor in the development of cancer of the lungs and the throat and is believed to be related to cancer of the bladder(膀胱) and the oral cavity(口腔). Male cigarette smokers have a higher death rate from heart disease than non-smoking males.
Female smokers are thought to be less affected be cause they do not breathe in the smoke so deeply. The majority of physicians and researchers consider these relationships proved to their satisfaction and say. "Give up smoking. If you don't smoke, don't start". Some competent physicians and research workers - though their small number is dwindling(减小) even further-are less sure of the effect of cigarette smoking on health. They consider the increase in respiratory (呼吸的) diseases and various forms of cancer may possibly be explained by other factors in the complex human environment - atmospheric pollution, increased nervous stress, chemical substances in processed food, or Chemical pesticides that are now being used by farmers in vast Quantities to destroy insects and small animals. Smokers who develop cancer or lung diseases, they say, may also, by coincidence, live in industrial areas, or eat more canned food. Gradually, however, research is isolating all other possible factors and proving them to be statistically irrelevant. While all tobacco smoking affects life expectancy and health, cigarette smoking appears to have a much greater effect than cigar or pipe smoking. However, nicotine(尼古丁)consumption is not diminished by the latter forms, and current research Indicates relationship between all forms of smoking and cancer of the mouth and throat. Filters and low tar(焦油) tobacco are claimed to made smoking to some extent safer, but they can only marginally reduce ,not eliminate, the hazards.
1. Male smoking are more affected by smoking than female ones because _____.
[A] Male smokers smoke more than female ones
[B] Male smokers are more likely to be affected by smoking
[C] Male smokers breath in the smoke deeper than female ones
[D] Male smokers are more likely to be affected by other factors in hormone environment
2. According to the passage,cigarette can do harm to all the following EXCEPT _____.
[A] lung
[B] mouth
[C] heart
[D] eye
3. The author's attitude towards smoking is _____.
[A] critical
[B] approving
[C] questioning
[D] subjective
4. Which of the following statements is NOT TRUE?
[A] More and more research work believe the effect of cigarette smoking on health.
[B] Filters and low tar tobacco can not get rid of the hazard.
[C] Cigarette smiking has a greater effect on health than.
[D] All forms of tobacco smoking affects life expectancy and health.
5. The authors purpose of writing the passage is to _____.
[A] offer advice on how to give up smoking
[B] explain the influence of cigarette smoking on health
[C] list the factors that can cause cancer
[D] compare the opinions on the effect of smoking
参考答案：C D A C B
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Representatives of Callahan Media Associates (CM [A] announced today that the news agency would attempt to buy the National Broadcasting System (NBS), the second largest television and radio network in the United States. Ronald Callahan, son of Jessica Callahan, who started CMA, told reporters that he expects his company's offering price to be high enough to win out over other offers. He indicated that NBS executives had already discussed reorganization plans that might result from a CMA takeover.
A native of the United Kingdom, Jessica Callahan began to buy newspapers, magazines, and radio stations in the United States eight years ago, and CMA now owns or controls more than fifteen news organizations here. Before she became a leader in media in this country, she had established her family-owned company as one of the most important forces in British TV and newspapers. Callahan started her news career more than twenty-five years ago, and she had worked as a reporter on three different papers when she took the job of editor of England's Birmingham Herald(伯明汉先驱报), a newspaper that had been experiencing financial difficulties for several years. Her success in raising the news reporting standards as well as making the Herald into a profitable business gained Callahan the attention and respect of the British news establishment. By the time she was 35, she had become a publisher and started CMA, which is now one of the largest media organizations in the world.
Callahan had never visited the United States before she came to Miami and became the publisher of the Miami Journal almost eight years ago, but she had been reading the newspaper for several years, and she said that she liked the paper's style. After she had owned the Journal for just over a year, she bought a small radio station in Georgia, and in the next five years she went on to acquire news organizations in several different parts of the country.
If CMA becomes the owner of NBS, for the first time it will have control over a nationwide TV network. In an interview last week, Philip Rosen, the president of NBS, said that he was not very happy about the purchase. He agreed that Callahan and CMA had done a lot to help American newspapers become more financially secure, but he expressed fears that the new management was going to make news coverage on NBS irresponsible. He stated that he hoped he could remain with NBS but said that this might not be possible.
1.The writer thins that CMA's offer to buy the National Broadcasting System is probably _____.
[A] the only one
[B] a good one
[C] unacceptably low
[D] of great competition
2. Jessica Callahan captured the confidence of the press after she became the editor of Birmingham Herald because _____.
[A] she was experienced
[B] she had strong financial background
[C] since then it started to make money
[D] she enjoyed good popularity
3. Jessica Callahan has never _____.
[A] visited the United States
[B] owned a national TV network
[C] worked as an editor
[D] read the Miami Journal
4. The attitude of NBS top executive to the CMA takeover was that _____.
[A] he was opposed to the purchase
[B] he hoped the takeover would bot affect the system's fame
[C] he was afraid NBS would suffer serious financial loss
[D] he could not leave his present position
5. Which of the following can be the best title for this passage?
[A] Jessica Callahan---a Successful Woman
[B] CMA---from British to USA
[C] CMA Buying NBS?
[D] CMA's Attractive Offer to NBS
参考答案：D C C B B
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The agricultural revolution in the nineteenth century involved two things the invention of labor-saving machinery and the development of scientific agriculture. labor-saving machinery naturally appeared first where labor was scarce. "In Europe", said Thomas Jefferson, "the object is to make the most of their land, labor being abundant; here it is to make the most of our labor, lard being abundant". It was in America, there fore, that the great advances in nineteenth-century agricultural machinery first Came. At the opening of the century, with the exception of a crude plow, farmers could have carried practically all of the existing agricultural implements on their backs: by 1860, most of the machinery in use today had been designed in an early form. The most important of the early inventions was the iron plow. As early as 1990 Charles Newbold of New Jersey had been working on the idea of a cast-iron plow and spent his entire fortune in introducing his invention. The farmers, however, would home none of it, claiming that the iron poisoned the soil and made the weeds grow. Nevertheless many people devoted their attention to the plow, until in 1869, James Oliver of South Bend, Indiana, turned out the first chilled-steel plow.
1. The word "here" (para 1,line 4) refers to _____.
[A] Europe
[B] America
[C] New Jersey
[D] Indiana
2. Which of the following statements is NOT TRUE?
[A] The reed for labor helped the invention of machinery in America.
[B] The farmer rejected Charles Newbold's plow for fear of ruin of their field.
[C] Both Euorpe and America had great need of farm machinery.
[D] It was in Indiana that the first chilled-steel plow was produced.
3. The passage is mainly about _____.
[A] the agricultural revolution
[B] the invention of labor-saving machinery
[C] the development of scientific agriculture
[D] the farming machinery in America
4. At the opening of the nineteenth-century,farmers in America _____.
[A] preferred light tools
[B] were extremely self-reliant
[C] had many portable tools
[D] had very few tools
5. Implied but not stated _____.
[A] There was a shortage of workers on American farms.
[B] The most important of the early inventions was the iron plow.
[C] After 1869,many people devoted their attention to the plow.
[D] Charles Newbolt had made a furtune by his cast-iron plow
参考答案：B C B D A
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Cigarette smoking is believed by most research workers in this field to be an important factor in the development of cancer of the lungs and the throat and is believed to be related to cancer of the bladder(膀胱) and the oral cavity(口腔). Male cigarette smokers have a higher death rate from heart disease than non-smoking males.
Female smokers are thought to be less affected be cause they do not breathe in the smoke so deeply. The majority of physicians and researchers consider these relationships proved to their satisfaction and say. "Give up smoking. If you don't smoke, don't start". Some competent physicians and research workers - though their small number is dwindling(减小) even further-are less sure of the effect of cigarette smoking on health. They consider the increase in respiratory (呼吸的) diseases and various forms of cancer may possibly be explained by other factors in the complex human environment - atmospheric pollution, increased nervous stress, chemical substances in processed food, or Chemical pesticides that are now being used by farmers in vast Quantities to destroy insects and small animals. Smokers who develop cancer or lung diseases, they say, may also, by coincidence, live in industrial areas, or eat more canned food. Gradually, however, research is isolating all other possible factors and proving them to be statistically irrelevant. While all tobacco smoking affects life expectancy and health, cigarette smoking appears to have a much greater effect than cigar or pipe smoking. However, nicotine(尼古丁)consumption is not diminished by the latter forms, and current research Indicates relationship between all forms of smoking and cancer of the mouth and throat. Filters and low tar(焦油) tobacco are claimed to made smoking to some extent safer, but they can only marginally reduce ,not eliminate, the hazards.
1. Male smoking are more affected by smoking than female ones because _____.
[A] Male smokers smoke more than female ones
[B] Male smokers are more likely to be affected by smoking
[C] Male smokers breath in the smoke deeper than female ones
[D] Male smokers are more likely to be affected by other factors in hormone environment
2. According to the passage,cigarette can do harm to all the following EXCEPT _____.
[A] lung
[B] mouth
[C] heart
[D] eye
3. The author's attitude towards smoking is _____.
[A] critical
[B] approving
[C] questioning
[D] subjective
4. Which of the following statements is NOT TRUE?
[A] More and more research work believe the effect of cigarette smoking on health.
[B] Filters and low tar tobacco can not get rid of the hazard.
[C] Cigarette smiking has a greater effect on health than.
[D] All forms of tobacco smoking affects life expectancy and health.
5. The authors purpose of writing the passage is to _____.
[A] offer advice on how to give up smoking
[B] explain the influence of cigarette smoking on health
[C] list the factors that can cause cancer
[D] compare the opinions on the effect of smoking
参考答案：C D A C B