13年在职MPA英语阅读理解强化练习及答案
First and most important is extraordinary receptive and adaptable — it has taken to itself material from almost everywhere in the world and has made the new elements of language its own. English, which when the Anglo-Saxons first conquered England in the fifth and sixth centuries was almost a "pure" or unmixed language—which could make new words for new ideas from its own compounded elements.
A second outstanding characteristic of English is its simplicity and the relationship of words in a sentence with only the minimum of change in their shapes or variation of endings.
A third quality of English is its relatively fixed word order. （177 words）
1. This passage is primarily concerned with
A. reasons for the popularity of English
B. English language has largest number of people in the world
C. extraordinary receptive and adaptable of English language
D. characteristic of English
参考答案：A
2. What are the most important characteristic features of English?
A. the largest number of people
B. historical, political, and economic reasons
C. extraordinary receptive and adaptable
D. worldwide significance
参考答案：C
3. Where has English taken itself material?
A. everywhere in the world.
B. the Anglo-Saxons.
C. a "pure" or unmixed language.
D. many places in the world.
参考答案：D
4. According to the text, England was once
A. conquered by some foreigners.
B. defeated by the Anglo-Saxons.
C. a colony of the Anglo-Saxons.
D. mixed with the Anglo-Saxons.
参考答案：A
5. Which of the following is NOT the characteristic of English language?
A. simple
B. wide spread
C. pure
D. relatively fixed word order
参考答案：C
For all the fevered work being done, however, science is still far away from the Brave New World vision of engineering a perfect human—or even a perfect tomato. Much more research is needed before gene therapy becomes commonplace, and many diseases will take decades to conquer, if they can be conquered at all.
In the short run, the most practical way to use the new technology will be in genetic screening. Doctors will be able to detect all sorts of flaws in DNA long before they can be fixed. In some cases the knowledge may lead to treatments that delay the attack of the disease or soften its effects. Someone with a genetic heart disease, for example, could follow a low-fat diet. And if scientists determine that a vital protein is missing because the gene that was supposed to make it is defective, they might be able to give the patient an artificial version of the protein. But in other instances, almost nothing can be done to stop the damages brought on by genetic mutations. （176 words）
1. The 1st passage implies that
A. science is still far away from perfection
B. it’s difficult to engineer a perfect human
C. it’s difficult to create a perfect tomato
D. many diseases will take decades to conquer
参考答案：A
2. According to the author, many human diseases
A. may be conquered.
B. will be surely conquered.
C. may not be conquered.
D. may never be conquered.
参考答案：A
3. What does “in the short run” mean?
A. to run in a short time
B. for the near future
C. for the time being
D. after enough time
参考答案：B
4. The use of the new technology in genetic screening includes all the following EXCEPT
A. detecting all sorts of flaws in DNA
B. fixing all sorts of flaws in DNA
C. treatments that delay the attack of the disease
D. artificial version of the protein
参考答案：B
5. Which of the following is the best title of the passage?
A. genetic engineering
B. genetic screening
C. a new technology
D. Application of genetic engineering
参考答案：D
No antibiotics have been proved to be 100% effective in treating SARS so far. The only effective way to get rid of it is by ourselves. It likes a prolonged battle between the viruses and our immune response. In fact, viruses couldn't kill all the immune cells in a health individual. The stronger the immune function you have, the less the viral injury you get. Therefore, the degree of sickness after infection and the rate of recovery mainly depend on how strong your immune function is.
You cannot avoid the infection unless you avoid from those infected individuals/area. But, you can try your best to boost up your immune function by several regimes. Make sure you are "extremely healthy" at least during this critical period. Stronger immune function could keep the viral damage minimal even you were so unluckily being infected. Also, stronger immune function delays the onset of any detrimental effects from the viral infection. Scientists are now working on tracking the treatment and so make sure you are still surviving until an effective treatment occurs. 177
1. According to the author, what is the effective way to get rid of SARS?
A. by ourselves
B. in a prolonged battle
C. to kill all the immune cells in a health individual
D. to be stronger
2. According to the author, the degree of sickness after infection and the rate of recovery mainly depend on
A. how strong your are
B. how old you are
C. severe the illness is
D. the strength of your immune system
3. How to avoid the infection of SARS? You may follow all the following EXCEPT
A. keeping away from those infected individuals
B. keeping away from those infected area
C. boosting up your immune function
D. keeping extremely healthy all the time
4. Scientists are now working on tracking the treatment
A. detecting all sorts of flaws in DNA
B. fixing all sorts of flaws in DNA
C. treatments that delay the attack of the disease
D. artificial version of the protein
5. Which of the following is the best title of the passage?
A. genetic engineering
B. genetic screening
C. a new technology
D. application of genetic engineering
参考答案：DDDBD
China's central authorities have outlined a series of new guidelines on improving the country's market economic mechanism. These measures are contained in a communiqué issued on Tuesday at the end of a plenary session of the Chinese Communist Party's Central Committee.
One way of doing so is to perfect a market economy of public, collective and private ownership, with public ownership still as the main pillar. But the communiqué also stipulates that the share-holding system should be the main form in realizing public ownership so as to revitalize the state sector. Private capital will be allowed in infrastructure construction.
Another step is to build an integrated nationwide market to encourage the free flow of capital and commodities.
During the four-day meeting, more than 300 Central Committee members and alternative members examined and approved a work report by the Political Bureau on its work during the past year.
They also approved a draft proposal with regard to amendments to the state constitution. 161
1. What does “communiqué” in the 1st passage probably mean?
A. commune
B. communication
C. official report to the public
D. declaration or statement
2. According to the 2nd paragraph, “doing so” may refer to
A. outlining a series of new guidelines.
B. improving the country's market economic mechanism.
C. containing measures in a communiqué
D. issuing it on Tuesday.
3. According to the passage, which of the following is the major force in a market economy?
A. public ownership
B. collective and private ownership
C. share-holding system
D. private capital
4. On what day of the week did the meeting convene?
A. on Tuesday
B. four days ago
C. on Saturday
D. on Friday
5. Which of the following is the best title of the passage?
A. a series of new guidelines
B. the plenary session of CCPCC
C. a gist of the communiqué
D. the four-day meeting of CCPCC
参考答案：CABBC
Israeli researchers said they had identified a naturally produced compound that may explain why only some smokers get lung cancer.
Researchers found that smokers with low levels of the enzyme were five to 10 times more likely to develop lung cancer than smokers with the highest levels.
The enzyme fixes damage done to DNA by smoking and other environmental stresses and is one of a large group of repair compounds in the body.
Writing in the Journal of the National Cancer Institute, Zvi Livneh and his colleagues said 40 per cent of the 68 lung cancer patients they tested had low levels of enzyme activity, in contrast to 4 per cent of a healthy group of 68 people.
Non-smokers with the lowest levels of enzyme also had a higher risk of lung cancer, although their overall risk of cancer was much lower than that of the smokers.
Lung cancer is by far the biggest cancer killer in the world, killing a million people every year worldwide.
Smoking is also a major cause of heart disease and stroke. The researchers said the findings needed to be confirmed in larger studies but they may lead to the development of a blood test that smokers could take to determine their personal risk. 209
1. What is Israeli researchers’ discovery?
A. A naturally produced compound
B. The possible reason for smokers to get lung cancer
C. A kind of new enzyme
D. How lung cancer developed
2. According to the author, what is the function of the enzyme?
A. Repairing any damage.
B. Damage done to DNA.
C. Causing environmental stresses.
D. Repairing compounds in the body
3. How many people have been tested on levels of enzyme activity?
A. five to 10 times more
B. 40 per cent
C. 68
D. 136
4. The test also show that non-smokers
A. had the lowest levels of enzyme
B. had a higher risk of lung cancer
C. had the risk of cancer as well
D. did not have the risk of cancer
5. Which of the following is NOT true?
A. Lung cancer is the biggest killer in the world.
B. Smoking may cause heart disease and stroke
C. The findings of Israeli researchers have to be confirmed yet.
D. Smokers could take blood test to determine their personal risk
参考答案：BDDCA
China is already the world's third largest producer of electronics, and becoming a player in the global appliance market. Twenty years ago, U.S., European and Japanese companies started moving into China to supply the local market with household goods. Now those same companies are getting whipped by Chinese competitors. Over the past six years, the market share of foreign TV makers in China has dropped from 70 percent to less than 20 percent. Matsushita opened the first microwave-oven plant in China in 1995. Two years later the Chinese company Galanz started making microwaves and selling them for half Matsushita's price.
Chinese companies now make more than 43 million TVs yearly. Konka, one of China's largest TV makers, sells its branded TVs in the United States, and has set up factories in Mexico to service the American market; While TCL, another major TV maker, exported 11 million units from its Chinese factories last year. It has more Southeast Asian factories than any other Chinese company. (164 words)
1. This passage is primarily concerned with
A. the world's third largest producer of electronics
B. Chinese electronic companies
C. China's largest TV makers
D. the increase of China's electronics
2. What do “whipped” mean?
A. beat with a whip
B. won
C. defeated
D. suffered
3. What is the decreased rate of the market share of foreign TV makers in China?
A. 70%
B. 20%
C. 50%
D. 20%--70%
4. When did Galanz start making and selling microwaves?
A. 1993
B. 1994
C. 1995
D. 1997
5. Which of the following produces more TV sets?
A. Galanz
B. Konka
C. TCL
D. Unknown
参考答案：DCCDD
The China boom is by now a well-documented phenomenon. Who hasn't heard of the Middle Kingdom's startling economic growth (8 percent annually), its enormous consumer market (1.2 billion people), the investment ardor of foreign suitors ($40 billion in foreign direct investment last year alone)? China is an economic marvel. According to Nicholas Lardy of the Brookings Institution, a Washington D.C.-based think tank, "No country has expanded its foreign trade as fast as China over the last 20 years. Japan doubled its foreign trade over a 20-year period; China's foreign trade as quintupled. They've become the main producer of labor-intensive manufacturing goods in the world."
But there's been something missing from the dazzling China growth story—namely, the Chinese multinational. No major Chinese companies have yet established themselves, or their brands, on the global stage. But as Haier shows, that is starting to change. After 100 years of poverty and chaos, of being overshadowed by foreign countries and multinationals, Chinese industrial companies are starting to make a mark on the world. (170 words)
1. What is the main idea of the first paragraph?
A. the startling Middle Kingdom
B. China’s economic growth
C. China’s economic marvel
D. the increase of China's foreign trade
2. What does “suitor” in the first paragraph mean?
A. A man who is courting a woman.
B. A person who makes a petition or request.
C. A person who sues in court.
D. A person or group seeking to purchase.
3. What does Nicholas Lardy’s remark mean?
A. China has succeeded economically over the last 20 years.
B. China did better than Japan in economy.
C. China’s foreign trade developed the fastest in the world.
D. China is the main producer of in the world.
4. By the phrase “something missing”, the author refer to
A. the less dazzling achievements
B. the Chinese multinational
C. lack of world famous brand
D. Haier company
5. Why is Haier cited in the 2nd paragraph?
A. To show it is starting to change.
B. To show an example of a large company.
C. To show a Chinese company of world fame.
D. To show a change in Chinese industrial companies.
参考答案：CDCCC
Earlier this year, when America first sneezed, the European Central Bank (along with most private-sector economists) argued that the euro area was insulated from America's slowdown and had little to worry about. This seems to have been wrong. In Germany there are fears about recession as business investment and retail sales tumble. Recent figures confirmed that Germany's GDP stagnated in the second quarter. Italy's GDP fell in the second quarter, and although growth has held up better in France and Spain, the growth in the euro area as a whole was close to zero in the quarter. Nobody is forecasting an actual recession in the euro area this year, but it is no longer expected to provide an engine for world growth.
As for Japan, it is probably already in recession. Japan's GDP grew slightly in the first quarter. Persistent deflation continues to be a severe problem. A revised measure of Japan's consumer-price index, to be published soon, is likely to show that deflation is worse than had been thought. （170 words）
1. What does the 1st sentence mean?
A. Earlier this year, America suffered from a cold.
B. The European Central Bank believed it wouldn’t be affected by US.
C. The European Central Bank had little to worry about.
D. The euro area was safe and sound.
2. What were Germany and Italy's GDP in the second quarter?
A. stagnated
B. fell
C. suffered
D. halted and deceased
3. What was the economic situation in France and Spain?
A. Much better.
B. Somewhat better.
C. Close to zero.
D. Much worse.
4. Which of the following is NOT TRUE about Japan’s economy?
A. It is perhaps already in decline.
B. Japan's GDP grew slightly in the first quarter.
C. Deflation continues to be a severe problem.
D. It is worse than that of US and Europe.
5. The best title for the passage is
A. The world economic situation
B. The world economic recession
C. The worse World economic situation
D. The reason for world economic recession
参考答案：BDBDB
Silicon Valley is a magnet to which numerous talented engineers, scientists and entrepreneurs from overseas flock to in search of fame, fast money and to participate in a technological revolution whose impact on mankind will surely surpass the epoch-making European Renaissance and Industrial Revolution of the bygone age.
With the rapid spread of the Internet and the relentless technological innovations generated through it, the information era is truly upon us, profoundly influencing and changing not only our lifestyle, but also the way we work, do business, think and communicate with others.
It is noteworthy that close to 50% of its skilled manpower, including engineers, scientists and entrepreneurs, come from Asia. Prominent among them are Indians and Chinese, and not a few Singaporeans.
Intellectual challenges aside, it is a common practice for start-ups to offer generous share options to employees in order to attract the right talent into their folds. This is a powerful incentive to motivate the staff to do their utmost and to share in the company's prosperity if it reaches its goal. Many regard this as the foundation of a successful enterprise.（184 words）
1. Why is Silicon Valley compared with a magnet? Because
A. it is very famous.
B. it attracted numerous talented people.
C. numerous talented people flock to it.
D. its impact will surpass European Renaissance and Industrial Revolution.
2. What does “it” in 2nd paragraph refer to?
A. the Internet
B. the rapid spread of the Internet
C. the information era
D. our lifestyle
3. What does “its” in 2nd paragraph mean??
A. Silicon Valley’s
B. the Internet’s
C. Asia’s
D. America’s
4. Which of the following is NOT TRUE about the common practice for start-ups?
A. Intellectual challenges.
B. Generous share options.
C. Sharing in the company's prosperity.
D. A successful enterprise.
5. The main idea of the passage is
A. Silicon Valley’s success
B. the information era upon us
C. Intellectual challenges
D. practice of successful enterprise
参考答案：BAADA
To paraphrase 18th-century statesman Edmund Burke, "all that is needed for the triumph of a misguided cause is that good people do nothing." One such cause now seeks to end biomedical research because of the theory that animals have rights ruling out their use in research. Scientists need to respond forcefully to animal rights advocates, whose arguments are confusing the public and thereby threatening advances in health knowledge and care. Leaders of the animal rights movement target biomedical research because it depends on public funding, and few people understand the process of health care research. Hearing allegations of cruelty to animals in research settings, many are perplexed that anyone would deliberately harm an animal.
For example, a grandmotherly woman staffing an animal rights booth at a recent street fair was distributing a brochure that encouraged readers not to use anything that opposed immunizations, she wanted to know if vaccines come from animal research. When assured that they do, she replied, "Then 1 would have to say yes." Asked what will happen when epidemics return, she said, "Don't worry, scientists will find some way of using computers." Such well-meaning people just don't understand.
Scientists must communicate their message to the public in a compassionate, understandable wayin human terms, not in the language of molecular biology. We need to make clear the connection between animal research and a grandmother's hip replacement, a father's bypass operation, a baby's vaccinations, and even a pet's shots. To those who are unaware that animal research was needed to produce these treatments, as well as new treatments and vaccines, animal research seems wasteful at best and cruel at worst.
Much can be done. Scientists could "adopt" middle school classes and present their own research. They should be quick to respond to letters to the editor, lest animal rights misinformation go unchallenged and acquire a deceptive appearance of truth. Research institutions could be opened to tours, to show that laboratory animals receive humane care.
Finally, because the ultimate stakeholders are patients, the health research community should actively recruit to its cause not only well-known personalities such as Stephen Cooper, who has made courageous statements about the value of animal research, but all who receive medical treatment. If good people do nothing there is a real possibility that an uninformed citizenry will extinguish the precious embers of medical progress.
1. The author begins his article with Edmund Burke's words to .
A. call on scientists to take some actions
B. criticize the misguided cause of animal rights
C. warn of the doom of biomedical research
D. show the triumph of the animal rights movement
2. Misled people tend to think that using an animal in research is .
A. cruel but natural
B. inhuman and unacceptable
C. inevitable but vicious
D. pointless and wasteful
3. The example of the grandmotherly woman is used to show the public's .
A. discontent with animal research
B. ignorance about medical science
C. indifference to epidemics
D. anxiety about animal rights
4. The author believes that, in face of the challenge from animal rights advocates, scientists should .
A. communicate more with the public
B. employ hi-tech means in research
C. feel no shame for their cause
D. strive to develop new cures
5. From the text we learn that Stephen Cooper is -
A. a well-known humanist
B. a medical practitioner
C. an enthusiast in animal rights
D. a supporter of animal research
参考答案：ABBAD
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German Chancellor ( 首相 ) Otto Von Bismarck may be most famous for his military and diplomatic talent, but his legacy ( 遗产 ) includes many of today's social insurance programs. During the middle of the 19th century, Germany, along with other European nations, experienced an unprecedented rash of workplace deaths and accidents as a result of growing industrialization. Motivated in part by Christian compassion ( 怜悯 ) for the helpless as well as a practical political impulse to undercut the support of the socialist labor movement, Chancellor Bismarck created the world's first worker' s compensation law in 1884.
By 1908, the United States was the only industrial nation in the world that lacked workers' compensation insurance. America's injured workers could sue for damages in a court of law, but they still faced a number of tough legal barriers. For example, employees had to prove that their injuries directly resulted from employer negligence and that they themselves were ignorant about potential hazards in the workplace. The first state worker's compensation law in this country passed in 1911, and the program soon spread throughout the nation.
After World War II, benefit payments to American workers did not keep up with the cost of living. In fact, real benefit levels were lower in the 1970s than they were in the 1940s, and in most states the maximum benefit was below the poverty level for a family of four. In 1970, President Richard Nixon set up a national commission to study the problems of workers' compensation. Two years later, the commission issued 19 key recommendations, including one that called for increasing compensation benefit levels to 100 percent of the states' average weekly wages.
In fact, the average compensation benefit in America has climbed from 55 percent of the states' average weekly wages in 1972 to 97 percent today. But, as most studies show,
every 10 percent increase in compensation benefits results in a 5 percent increase in the numbers of workers who file for claims. And with so much more money floating in the workers' compensation system, it's not surprising that doctors, and lawyers have helped themselves to a large slice of the growing pie.
1. The world's first workers' compensation law was introduced by Bismarck .
A. for fear of losing the support of the socialist labor movement
B. out of religious and political considerations
C. to speed up the pace of industrialization
D. to make industrial production safer
2. We learn from the passage that the process of industrialization in Europe .
A. met growing resistance from laborers working at machines
B. resulted in the development of popular social insurance programs
C. was accompanied by an increased number of workshop accidents
D. required workers to be aware of the potential dangers at the workplace
3. One of the problems the American injured workers faced in getting compensation in the early 19th century was that .
A. they had to produce evidence that their employers were responsible for the accident
B. America's average compensation benefit was much lower than the cost of living
C. different states in the U. S. had totally different compensation programs
D. they had to have the courage to sue for damages in a court of law
4. After 1972, workers' compensation insurance in the U. S. became more favorable to workers so that .
A. the poverty level for a family of four went up drastically
B. more money was allocated to their compensation system
C. there were fewer legal barriers when they filed for claims
D. the number of workers suing for damages increased
5. The author ends the passage with the implication that .
A. compensation benefits in America are soaring to new heights
B. people from all walks of life can benefit from the compensations system
C. the workers are not the only ones to benefit from the compensation system
D. money floating in the compensation system is a huge drain on the U. S. economy
参考答案：BCADC
In the United States, it is not customary to telephone someone very in the morning. If you telephone him early in the day, while he is shaving or having breakfast, the time of the call shows that the matter is very important and requires immediate attention. The same meaning is attached to telephone calls made after 11:00 p.m.. If someone receives a call during sleeping hours, he assumes it's a matter of life and death. The time chosen for the call communicates its importance.
In social life, time plays a very important part. In the U. S. A, guests tend to feel they
are not highly regarded if the invitation to a dinner party is extended only three or four days before the party date. But it is not true in all countries. In other areas of the world it may be considered foolish to make an appointment too far in advance because plans which are made for a date more than a week away tend to be forgotten. The meaning of time differs in different parts of the world. Thus, misunderstandings arise between people from cultures that treat time differently; promptness (准时) is valued highly in American life, for example. If people are not prompt, they may be regarded as impolite or not fully responsible. In the U. S. no one would think of keeping a business friend waiting for an hour; it would be too impolite. A person who is 5 minutes late is expected to make a short apology. If he is less than 5 minutes late, he will say a few words of explanation, though perhaps he will not complete the sentence.
1. The same meaning is attached to telephone calls made after 11:00 p.m." Here "attached" means .
A. taken
B. drawn
C. given
D. shown
2. Supposing one wants to make a telephone call at midnight, this would mean .
A. the matter is less important
B. the matter is somewhat important
C. the matter requires immediate attention
D. it is a matter of life and death
3. According to this passage, time plays an important role in .
A. everyday life
B. private life
C. communications
D. transmission
4. The best title for this passage is .
A. "The Voices of Time"
B. "The Saving of Time"
C. "The Importance of an Announcement"
D. "Time and Tide Wait for No Man"
5. According to the passage, the author of the article may agree with which of the follow statements?
A. It is appropriate to send your invitation cards three of four days before a dinner party date in the U. S..
B. It may be appropriate to send your invitation cards to your guests three or four days before a dinner party date in some cultures.
C. It is best for one to make telephone calls at night because it costs much less.
D. If one is less than 5 minutes late, he has to make a short apology.
参考答案：CDCAB