2012年9月全国英语等级考试四级模拟试题及答案(2)
21.[A]small [B]educational [C]big [D]business
22.[A]claimed [B]called [C]spoken [D]told
23.[A]as [B]with [C]over [D]in
24.[A]money [B]discounts [C]priees [D]costs
25.[A]exciting [B]encouraging [C]despairing [D]disappointing
26.[A]ourselves [B]customers [C]companies [D]US
27.[A]to [B]for [C]in [D]with
28.[A]as if [B]even though [C]just as [D]although
29.[A]custom [B]literacy [C]poem [D]tradition
30.[A]artificial [B]human [C]wise [D]high
31.[A]capable [B]possible [C]probable [D]available
32.[A]compared [B]comparing [C]contrasted [D]contrasting
33.[A]than [B]above [Clover [D]from
34.[A]tools [B]robots Eelequipment [D]electronics
35.[A]other [B]big [C]little [D]robot
36.[A]expensive [B]artificial [C]educational [D]low-cost
37.[A]up to [B]to [C]in [D]about
38.[A]mechanical [B]standard [C]cheap [D]small
39.[A]much [B]many [C]both [D]some
40.[A]more [B]less [C]no [D]least
2012年9月全国英语等级考试四级模拟试题及答案。
41.What is the passage mainly talking about?
[A]The necessity of the education about AIDS.
[B]How to achieve the aims of AIDS courses.
[C]Risks associated with AIDS.
[D]Social responses to AIDS.
42.Why did the author offer the AIDS course7
[A] He wanted to teach people about a cure for AIDS.
[B]People need to be taught how to avoid those with AIDS.
[C]He wanted to teach the students that AIDS resulted from moral failure.
[D]People take improper attitudes towards AIDS and those with or at high risk of
43.The word“afflict”in the third sentence of the first paragraph nlost plobably means“__________”.
[A] benTl
[B]cause suffering to
[C]teach
[D]draw attention from
44.What does the author think is the correct resDonse to AIDS?
[A] contempt
[B]Optimism and bravad0.
[C]Understanding and compassion.
[D]Resentment and avoidance.
45.Which of the following can best explain“AIDS tests the institutions upon which our societv rcsfs， according to the passage?
[A] AIDS is a sign of moral failure and social c011aDse.
[B]AIDS indicates that our social systems have been very inefficient.
[C] The responses of a society to the threat of AIDS detemines whether and to what extent the society can be called civilized.
[D]The spreading of the fatal disease suggests that the nation’s resources have been wron91y used
46. When you have a job interview, you should__________
[A]wear clothes which are too casual
[B] wear clothes which are too formal
[C]wear clothes which are expensive
[D]wear right clothes
47. The first and lasting impression of you is made by
[A]the clothes you wear
[B]the manner you speak
[C]the questions you ask
[D] your background
48. When being interviewed,___________
[A] you must be aggressive
[B] you must make a speech which calls attention to itself
[C]you should speak clearly and loudly
[D]you can speak with dialect differences
49. The interviewer can know whether you are knowledgeable for the job by
[A]your personal appearance
[B]the way you speak
[C] your self-confidence
[D]the questions you ask
50. To succeed in a job interview, you must __________
[A]dress appropriately
[B] pay close attention to your manner of speaking
[C]show enthusiasm and self-confidence
[D]all of the above
51. In the first paragraph, the author argues that
[A]the Europeans were innocent in the trade of African slaves
[B]slavery in Africa and in the West was the same in nature
[C]the view in the most recent studies of enslavement is baseless
[D] slaves had been treated even more cruelly in the African tradition
52. Which of the following was true of the local African slavery?
[A]Slaves might have their own families.
[B]The son of a slave might not be a slave.
[C]Slavery was confined to the coastal regions.
[D]There was no killing in African slavery.
53. The sentence "This argument, can be carried too far" implies that__________
[A]African’s traditional slavery was’inhumane
[B]the slavery in Africa was confined to some regions
[C]supporters of this argument knew little of Africa
[D]slave shipment was not so serious as was imagined
54. Supporters of the rationalization of slavery believe that the trade
[A]was out of good intents from the beginning
[B]helped the development of local religion
[C]was a help for civilizing the Africans
[D]drove the evils out of the African religions
55. The relation between the two paragraphs is that in the 2nd paragraph the author
[A]challenges the viewpoint in the first paragraph
[B]modifies his view expressed in the first paragraph
[C]provides the reason for the argument in the first paragraph
[D]further analyzes the issue discussed in the first paragraph
56. What is the new business which emerged in Washington D. C?
[A]Helping to establish small industries.
[B]Making false tickets and driver’s licenses.
[C]Assisting in organizing congressional hearings.
[D]OIfering to go through official procedures for clients.
57. Which of the following is true according to the text?
[A]The fines for offenders range from $ 20 to $1000 or more.
[B]Television broadcasters are liable to receive parking tickets.
[C]Fines are sometimes cancelled when tickets are well written.
[D]Michael Dorsey’s working experience helped with his new business.
58. This new business is not liked by all partly because __________
[A]it shifts the tax load from the poor to the rich
[B]it gets profit by undermining the two-layered system
[C]it harms the interests of local governments
[D]it violates the equal opportunities principle
59. It can be inferred from the text that service expediters could possibly__________
[A]pick out troubles for elderly and disabled people
[B]help collect fines for local governments
[C]sting the government into improving services
[D]help poor foreigners navigate home
60. The best title for the text probably is __________
[A]The Taming of the Queue
[B]Controversy over New Businesses
[C]You Wait, I Wait, We All Wait
[D]The Bureaucratic Beast
2012年9月全国英语等级考试四级模拟试题及答案。
Section II Use of English
21.[C]。考查形容词与上下文理解。前面一句说的是大型机器人的制造商十多年来一直在解释这些机器的作用，而此句说的是现在的情况，说明这种大型机器人已经供大于求，因此承前选[C]。
22.[A]。考查动词辨义与表达。claim to be/d0是常用表达，指“声称如何”，此处是用被动语态。call和 tell都是及物动词且可跟双宾语，speak后只跟语言作宾语或者用作不及物动词，都不用于这一表达中。
23.[D]。考查搭配。difficulty后用介词in引出限定内容，指做某事有困难。
24.EB]。考查名词辨义与上下文理解。money钱;discount折扣;price价格，价钱;cost代价，成本。由于谓语动词是0ffer(提供)，且由常识与上下文可知一种新品打入市场时应该是用打折的方法，因此选[B]。25.[D]。考查形容词与上下文理解。excitin9令人兴奋的;encouragin9令人鼓舞的;despairing绝望的(一般用于修饰人);disappointin9令人失望的。由上下文文意可知，这里应指对机器人的需求增长并不像人们预期的那样，因此选J-D]。
26.[A]。考查搭配。deceive oneself是固定搭配，指“自欺欺人”。其余三项填入都不合逻辑。
27.[B]。考查介词与上下文理解。由空格后的结构可以看出，这里是不定式的复合结构作介词宾语，且由句意可知表示的是目的，因此选for。
28.[C]。考查固定搭配与上下文理解。as if似乎，好像;even though即使;just as正如;although尽管，虽然。由上下文与常识可知，这里是将已有的电脑教育与尚未推广的机器人教育进行类比，因此选[C]。
29.[B]。考查名词与上下文理解。custom风俗，习俗;literacy了解和使用某物的能力;poem诗; tradition传统。因前一分句中已经提到了literacy一词，且其他三项都不用computer修饰，故承前选[B]。
30.[A]。考查形容词与上下文理解。由于文章谈论的是机器人，属于一种人工智能，且选项中只有[A]、[B]两项能修饰intelligence，而[B]填入不合逻辑，因此只能选[A]。
31.[D]。考查形容词与上下文理解。capable有能力的(它单用时一般作定语，作表语时多与0f连用); possible可能的;probable很可能的;available可得到的。由空格前的needs可知只能选[D]，指“需要有(某种形式的人工智能)”。
32.[A]。考查固定搭配与上下文理解。由上下文可以看出，这里是将两种机器人制造厂商的规模进行比较，故选[A]，构成compare with(与…相比)这一固定搭配。
33.[C]。考查介词与搭配。在进行优势上的比较时，advantage后用介词0ver引出被比对象。
34.[B]。考查上下文理解。由前面一句可知，此句中的the big companies指的就是大的机器人制造公司，因此其产品肯定就是机器人，选[B]。tool工具;equipment设备;electronics电子设备，电子学。尽管它们有时可以用来指机器人，但不如[B]具体。
35.[C]。考查形容词与上下文理解。这一段都是在对比大小两种规模的机器人制造厂商，而前面一句说明的是大公司，那么此处就是指小的机器人制造公司了，因此选与前文中big相对的little。
36.[D]。考查上下文理解。参见前面几题的分析。此处同样是将小公司生产的小机器人价格与大公司生产的大机器人进行对比，因此选与前文中expensive(昂贵的)相对的low-cost(低成本的)。
37.[A]。考查固定搭配。bring…up to将…提升到;bring…to将…带到;bring…in赚取，实现，使参与;bring…about将…带到家里，说服，使同意。由上下文文意及常识可知，这里指小公司一开始就将教育用的机器人提高到工业化标准，因此选[A]。
38.[B]。考查形容词与上下文理解。standard component是习惯搭配，指“标准部件”。mechanical机械方面的;cheap便宜的;small小的。这三项填人都不合逻辑。
39.[C]。考查限定词。由空格后的their指的是大公司与小公司可知，应选表示“两者”的both。
40.[B]。考查形容词与上下文理解。由上下文可知，这里是将电子元件价格变化趋势(will fall)与机械部件进行比较，且由文意与常识可知这里指的是后者的价格下降空间较小，故选[B]。
Section III Reading Comprehension
PartA
Text 1
41.[A]。主旨题。文章第一段为全文的主旨段，第一句话即说明社会必须从公开宣传和课堂教育两个方面为人们提供关于AIDS的教育，然后分析了作者自己在大学开设AIDS课程的原因。而后面两段则是论述了他开设这一课程要达到的两个重要目标。因此不难看出全文主旨为[A]。
42.[D]。分析推理题。第一段分析了作者自己在大学开设AIDS课程的原因。作者指出，那些患上 AIDS的人和高危人群受到人们的歧视和不公正对待，人们害怕他们，而其他人则表现得强作镇定，这些都是be fatal。此外，AIDS已经使这个本已缺少人性、友好和乐观的社会雪上加霜，等等，都是作者开设这一课程的原因。对照选项，可知应选[D]。
43.[B]。词义推测题。由该词宾语society的后置定语already short on…and optimism可以看出， affilctb应当是一种否定性含义，含有让本已不好的状况进一步恶化的意思。四个选项中只有[B]是否定义。 afflict本义指“使染上重病，折磨”。
44.[C]。细节题。答案信息对应于第二段第二句：The proper response to AIDS is compassion…an understanding of the disease itself，即对待艾滋病的正确态度是同情并了解这一疾病本身，选[C]。
45.[C]。分析推理题。题中一句话是第三段的主旨句，第三段谈论的是国家单位、社会机构等对待艾滋病的态度会影响到与这一疾病的斗争结果、影响到社会的文明程度。由此可知这一主旨句的意思是[C]。
Text 2
46.ED]。分析推理题。文章谈论的是求职者在面试时应注意的几个方面，而第一段论及的是衣着，第兰段论述的是说话方式，第三段说明的是对所求职位、工作的了解，第四段论述的是表达自信和对工作的热情。而在第一段中，作者强调的是恰当的衣着(modestly dressed、the right clothes)对于求职者的重要性，因此本题无疑应选[D]。其余三项都是作者所反对的。本题也可由常识推知答案。
47.[A]。细节题。答案信息对应于第一段最后一句：but the first and often lasting impression…the Clothes you wear，即衣着决定第一印象(往往也是一种持久的印象)。
48.[C]。细节题。第二段第二句指出：You should speak in a clear voice，loud enough…，即说话时应清楚、响亮，与[C]一致。
49.[D]。细节题。答案信息对应于第三段第三句：The interviewer can decide from the questions asked...，而此句前一句又说明了这些问题(questions)是与所求职位和工作要求有关的，能体现求职者对所求工作的了解，因此本题答案为[D]。
50.[D]。分析推理题。参见第46题的分析。[A]是第一段的主旨，[B]是第二段的主旨，[C]是最后一段的主旨，因此都是面试成功的决定因素。
Text 3
51.[B]。细节题。对应的信息位于第一段第九句，作者引用学者的话指出：Slavery in its extreme forms...was common to both Africa and the West，即非洲和西方的奴隶制度(在本质上)是相同的，故本题答案是[B]。其余三项都与原文表达的意思不符。
52.[B]。细节题。短文第一段在提到奴隶制度在非洲由来已久之后，简单说明了一下非洲奴隶的情况，其中第五句指出：They had clearly defined rights，and their slave status was not necessarily inherited(他们拥有明确的权利，且其奴隶身份并非一定会继承)，也就是说，一名奴隶的子女不一定会是奴隶，故本题选[B]。当然，由于答题的关键在于对这一句话的理解，因此也可将本题归入词句理解题中。其余三项都属于抓住原文中的词句进行的无据发挥，都是不对的。
53.[A]。词句理解题。该句字面上的意思是“然而，这种论点可能说得太过(即有失偏颇)了”。在该句之后，作者引用学者的话语进一步说明“只有西方的奴隶制度才是残忍和灭绝人性的”是一种illusion(错觉)，非洲的奴隶制度和西方的奴隶制度本质上是一样的。也就是说，作者和这些学者都认为非洲的奴隶制度也是惨无人道的(inhumane)，因此本题答案是[A]。其余三项都属于抓住原文中的个别词句进行的发挥，在原文中都没有体现，也无法由原文合理推知。
54.[C]。细节题。rationalization(合理化)一词出现在短文第二段后半部分。在该段最后一句中，作者举例说明了持这种态度的人的观点：It was argued…assured the conversion of the African evil—believing religions to the true faith as well as to civilization(这种观点认为……奴役制度确保让非洲各种信奉魔鬼的宗教皈依到真正的信仰，并且确保非洲得以文明化)，换句话说，持奴隶制度合理化观点的人认为这种制度有助于非洲的文明化，故本题答案就是[C]。其他三项都似是而非，将它们与原文对照即不难发现都不对。
55.[D]。分析推理题。本题形式较为特殊，属于推断段落之间关系，即作者写作逻辑的题目。在第一段，作者先介绍了非洲奴隶的基本情况，如奴隶来源、奴隶制度的特点等，然后引用学者的话语，反驳了认为非洲奴隶制度比西方奴隶制度要温和的观点，提出了“非洲奴隶制度和西方奴隶制度在本质上同样惨无人道”的观点。而在第二段一开始，作者用Granting all this(就算承认这一切)表明了自己是对上述观点进行进一步分析，接着便详细介绍了欧洲奴隶贸易的特点，强调的是欧洲组织的奴隶贸易与非洲传统的奴隶制度的不同。因此，这两段之间的关系很明显：后者是对前者中的问题做进一步分析，故选[D]。其余三项都不对。[A]项指“质疑第一段中提出的观点”，但作者是赞同前一段中学者的观点的;[B]项指“修正他在第一段提出的观点”，但作者在第一段并未提出自己的观点;[C]项指“为第一段中的论点提供原因”，同样也不对。
Text 4
56.[D]。细节题。对应的信息位于第一段第二句....a small industry is emerging that will…a congressional hearing，选项中能够概括该句中queue for you to get everything from…这种工作性质的是[D]项，因为排队领驾照、排队申请国会听证会座位等工作都属于go through official procedures(通过官方手续)的范畴。其余三项都是用该句中的个别词汇设置而成的干扰项。
57.[D]。分析推理题。文章第二段以Michael Dorsey这个人物为例，说明这种新兴行业的具体运作。该段第二句指出，他原来在交通裁定局工作;第三句指出，他知道违章停车罚单的正确书写格式，所以经常使得一些罚单因填写格式不正确而失效。由这两句不难推知，他原来的工作经历有助于他现在的工作，故[D]项正确。其余三项都与这两句不符。
58.[C]。分析推理题。文章第三段介绍了对服务加速者这一新兴行当的反对意见。其中第一句首先指出并非所有人都喜欢服务加速者。第二句说明在华盛顿特区，罚款和手续费等非税收收入占据了地方政府收入的7%左右，第三句则说明Dorsey(服务加速者)一个人每年就会让这一部分收入减少l5万美元。由上下文逻辑即可推知，这种新兴行业有损于地方政府的利益，地方政府肯定不喜欢这种行业存在。故[C]项正确。其余三项都属于根据该段中的个别词句而设置的干扰项，与原文相应之处都不符。
59.[C]。分析推理题。文章最后两段从正面分析了服务加速者这一新行业的好处。短文第五段第一句指出，服务加速者也许会使一些官僚感到羞愧而努力提高服务水平(pull their socks up)，这与[C]项的意思是一致的，因此本题答案是[C]。原文中的shame(使羞愧)和选项中的sting(刺激)都是非常形象、俏皮的用词，其意思是相同的。至于其他三项，[A]项对应于第四段第三句：Poor foreigners with little English… so do elderly and disabled people…，服务加速者代老年人和残疾人排队，属于一种解决困难的行为，而非仅仅是“挑出困难”(pick out troubles)，故该项不对;[B]项与第三段第三句的意思不符;[D]项与第四段第三句不符。将它们与原文进行对照都不难排除。
Section IV Writing
66.写作要点：
(i)这是一道结合了提纲式和图表的写作题。对于这种结合多种题型的写作来说，在答题时同样应遵循每种题型的方法、要求，并将它们有机地结合起来。
(ii)对于本题来说，一是要按照提纲确定每段的段落主题和写作内容;二是要善于分析、利用表格中的数据来支持、阐述和充实每段的主题。
(iii)在对表格中的数据、信息进行分析利用时，应选取对表达写作主旨最重要、最典型的数据或信息，不要事无巨细、记流水账地把所有数据或信息一一列举。
参考范文：
Dear Sir，
I have conducted a leasibility study of expanding our business on the Internet these days according to your instructions.
First，it has been found that，in China，the number of people having access to the Internet has increased rapidly，which more than doubled in the past two years，from 22.5 million in 2005 to 59.1 million in 2007，which indicates that more and more people will be able to buy，or at least leam about our products via the Internet if we are to advertise more on the Internet.
Second，our sales volume via the Internet has increased considerably in the past tWO years，from 56000 yuan to 106000 yuan.
Finally，I have surveyed rnore than 5000 people and found that near half(47.3%)of the subjects have heard of buying things through the Intemet，while only l4.7%are willing to do so and 3.1%did haye such experience.Although the percentage is pretty low at present，I do believe that e-shopping will become more popular with the advent of an“Intemet Age”.
In this sense，I strongly suggest that we expand business through the Internet
Yours Faithfully，
Jane