英语知识运用串讲1：2011年全国英语等级考试二级题型串讲：
- 第1页：英语知识运用串讲1
- 第2页：英语知识运用串讲2
- 第3页：英语知识运用串讲3
- 第4页：英语知识运用串讲4
一、大纲对英语知识运用题型的具体要求
由于试题考点的相通性，在本课时，我将为大家解析单项填空、完形填空和短文改错三种题型的考点规律和备考技巧。首先，我们先来分别看大纲对英语知识运用部分和短文改错部分的具体
要求：
1. 历年单项填空考点规律
2.单项填空常见考点讲解
（1）词义辨析
例题1：（2007年9月）
The guests included, among , Elizabeth Taylor and Michael Jackson.
[A] another [B] others [C] any other [D] one another
（2）时态、语态及主谓一致
例题2：（2007年3月）
When we met Mr. Smith last year, he in that school for ten years.
[A] taught [B] was teaching [C] had taught [D] would teach
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本文导航
- 第1页：英语知识运用串讲1
- 第2页：英语知识运用串讲2
- 第3页：英语知识运用串讲3
- 第4页：英语知识运用串讲4
从句的语序是主语加谓语这种一般陈述句的语序。
定语从句：指修饰一个名词或代词的从句，一般紧跟在它所修饰的词的后面。
引导定语从句的词称为关系词，关系词有关系代词和关系副词。
关系代词有that, which, who, whom, whose, as等；
关系副词有where, when, why等。
定语从句分为限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句。
例题3：（2007年9月）
My favorite film, Casablanca, was made in 1942, will be shown in the
cinema again next week.
[A] it [B] as [C] that [D] which
（4）非谓语动词
非谓语动词主要包括：
不定式(to) do sth.
动名词doing
分词doing/done
不定式可在句中作主语、表语、宾语、补语、定语和状语，做主语时句子谓语动词为单数并且一般表示将来的动作，另外不定式还常常和动词作为固定搭配出现；动名词可在句中作主语、表语、宾语和定语，作主语时，句子的谓语动词也为单数；分词可在句中作表语、补语、定语和状语，当动作的逻辑主语是施动者，动作是主动的时，用现在分词；当动作逻辑主语是承受者，动作是被动的时，我们用过去分词。
例题4：（2005年9月）
The winner told me that the money was given to a children’s hospital
[A] won [B] to win [C] winning [D] to be won
（5）情态动词
常见的情态动词有：can/could，may/might，shall/should，will/would，must，have to等。
例题5：（2007年9月）
When we don’t know the different ways languages are used in different cultures, we make serious mistakes.
[A] shall [B] must [C] could [D] should
第六个考点（6）情景交际用语和第八个考点（8）固定句式，这些都属于知识记忆和运用方面的内容，并没有太强的语法规则性，需要大家参照考试大纲中的：
词汇表、交际话题表和功能意念表，自己积累和记忆。
（7）比较级
1一般形容词或副词比较级的变化规则。也就是一般情况下，单元音的形容词或副词加-er，当单词尾字母为e时去掉e加-er，当单词结尾为辅音+元音+辅音时，双写尾字母加-er，当单词尾字母为y时去y变i再加-er；当形容词或副词中含有两个或两个以上元音时，比较级为more+形容词/副词原形。
2特殊形容词或副词的比较级
例题6：（2007年9月）
—In that mountainous area you will find more problems than you can ever expect
traveling.
—Which is the problem, lack of food or lack of water?
[A] great [B] greater [C] greatest [D] more great
（9）虚拟语气
将来的动作我们用过去将来时，现在的动作我们用一般过去时，过去的动作我们就用过去完成时。
例题7：（2004年9月）
Susan is nearly thirty-five. Her parents think it’s time she married.
[A] would get [B] gets [C] will get [D] got
（10）反义疑问句
1如陈述部分是肯定的，则反问部分用否定形式；如陈述部分是否定的，则反问部分用肯定形式。
2反问部分在时态、人称（除第一人称外）及其他方面必须和陈述部分保持一致。陈述部分第一人称时，反问部分通常换为第二人称。
3如果祈使句以let’s开头，反问部分一般为shall/ shan’t we；其他情况的祈使句，反问部分为will/ won’t you。
例题8：（2003年9月）
I don’ t think you two know each other, __________ ?
[A] do you [B] don’ t you [C] do I [D] don’t I
3. 真题讲解
（2007年3月单项填空）
（21）– Where is John?
–He has been busy ______ his homework.
[A] to do [B] doing [C] do [D] done
（22）– I’m afraid I’ve broken the window.
-- ______, I can easily get it fixed,
[A] Not at all [B] Never mind
[C] What a pity [D] How dare you
（23）When we met Mr. Smith last year, he ______ in that school for ten years.
[A] taught [B] was teaching
[C] had taught [D] would teach
（24）New writers know their readers have limited time and usually give the ______ developments of an event first.
[A] newest [B] latest [C] nearest [D] earliest
（25）My present job is ______ too much of my study time.
[A] taking up [B] getting away [C] giving up [D] holding on
（26）This radio is not working. I’ll have it ______.
[A] repairing [B] to repair [C] repaired [D] be repaired
（27）Perhaps you ______ leave now. Your friend may be waiting for you outside.
[A] must [B] could [C] should [D] will
（28）I know that you are extremely busy, so I won’t ______ any more of your time.
[A] bother [B] spend [C] waste [D] cost
（29）Bob had yet ______ idea for a successful New Year party, the third one that evening.
[A] other [B] another [C] the other [D] other one
（30）– I think I’d take the doctor’s advice and start running every morning.
-- Really? ______.
[A] Good for you [B] That’s something
[C] That’s OK [D] What a pity
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本文导航
- 第1页：英语知识运用串讲1
- 第2页：英语知识运用串讲2
- 第3页：英语知识运用串讲3
- 第4页：英语知识运用串讲4
[A] since [B] when [C] before [D] after
（32）– Could you give me a lift home, please?
-- Sorry, ______.
[A] I have visited my sister [B] I visited my sister
[C] I am visiting my sister [D] I visit my sister
（33）It is not clear how much English students can learn ______ the Internet.
[A] in [B] with [C] by [D] through
（34）Fighting has stopped and things are changing for ______.
[A] better [B] the better [C]the best [D] best
（35）What I want to tell you is ______: Paul will come to work as your assistant.
[A] is [B] these [C] that [D] this
4.做单项填空应注意的事项
（1）单项填空题分量重、时间紧、位置重要。答题时要注意速度，并且能够调节自己的情绪；
（2）考生需要系统地掌握语法知识，对常考的考点作总结归纳；
（3）要有综合所学知识，结合语境做出选择的能力；
（4）重点复习动词；
（5）最后在考前一周，背诵一些高频单词、重点单词，并且挑大纲中自己不认识的单词重点背诵。
三、完形填空
1. 历年完形填空体裁和题材规律
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2011年全国英语等级考试二级考前题型串讲：听力
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本文导航
- 第1页：英语知识运用串讲1
- 第2页：英语知识运用串讲2
- 第3页：英语知识运用串讲3
- 第4页：英语知识运用串讲4
3． 完形填空常见考点讲解
例题7：(2007年3月)
In 1941, when my father joined the U.S. Army, he was told that, on a written test, he had showed 36 for preparing food. Army officials offered him a course in becoming a cook. My father 37 because he thought he could 38 the battles. As things turned out, he got good 39 and became head cook of an army kitchen.
All went well 40 he had to deal with spinach (菠菜). Because spinach is good for health, the army 41 it several times peer week. 42 , the soldiers refused 43 to look at spinach on their plates. After hours of cooking spinach, my father 44 that, at the end of the meal, he was throwing all of it away. To save time and effort, he decided to throw away the 45 vegetable before it was cooked.
One day an army officer saw the 46 spinach in the rubbish. He blamed my father, 47 that he was destroying government property (财产). 48 my father explained that he was simply 49 the army the trouble of cooking the unwanted vegetable, the army officer insisted on 50 him by taking five dollars from his pay for the next three months.
Later, one officer told him that fresh spinach was government property, but cooked spinach was not. 51 if the spinach were cooked, it 52 be thrown out. From then on, my father 53 all the spinach and then immediately 54 it into a rubbish can keep everyone 55 . The government did not have its property thrown out, and the soldiers did not have spinach on their plates.
36. [A] a skill [B] an interest [C] a gift [D] an advantage
37. [A] wondered [B] understood [C] accepted [D] admitted
38. [A] take part in [B] carry on with [C] catch up with [D] stay away from
39. [A] chance [B] records [C] experience [D] grades
40. [A] until [B] as [C] when [D] so
41. [A] prepared [B] supplied [C] checked [D] ate
42. [A] Carefully [B] Unwillingly [C] Certainly [D] Unfortunately
43. [A] even [B] still [C] only [D] just
44. [A] realized [B] agreed [C] allowed [D] considered
45. [A] favoured [B] hated [C] new [D] expensive
46. [A] dry [B] clean [C] cold [D] fresh
47. [A] saying [B] telling [C] warning [D] punishing
48. [A] While [B] Since [C] Although [D] As
49. [A] showing [B] causing [C] saving [D] leaving
50. [A] correcting [B] punishing [C] forgiving [D] refusing
51. [A] For example [B] In this case [C] In other words [D] Under this condition
52. [A] could [B] would [C] had to [D] should
53. [A] bought [B] kept [C] hid [D] cooked
54. [A] turned [B] made [C] put [D] knocked
55. [A] happy [B] healthy [C] safe [D] quiet
4.完形填空的备考技巧及注意事项
（1）完形填空文章的题材一般都是关注校园生活、心理问题、奇闻轶事等，并且会出于兼顾广大考生的公平性原则的考虑，在文章中不涉及特定的地域或人群。
（2）完形填空的出题规律：
1大概平均每14个单词附近会出一道题；
2通常两个空格不会前后相连，分段的情况例外；
3一句话里面，一般不会出超过3个空；
4文章的第一句话一般不设空；
5设空处的词汇以实词为主，虚词为辅。考语法的题一般并不多，而大量的题目都是考查实词的词义辨析和上下文语义衔接；
6每个空格通常解题线索都不在空格所在的句子里，而是在上一句或下一句、上几句或下几句里。
四、短文改错
1. 历年短文改错考点规律
短文改错题考查的重点分三个方面，即词法、句法、行文逻辑。具体来讲，
词法包括名词、代词、冠词、动词的时态和语态、非谓语动词、情态动词、形容词、副词、连词等等；
句法包括简单句、主从复合句、主谓一致及其他方面的一致性问题等；
行文逻辑包括句子的并列与转折也就是连词的选择，人物性别和与之对应的代词等。
2.短文改错常见考点讲解
例题8：(2007年3月)
Today I visited the Smiths—my first time visit 76.
to a American family. They live in a small 77.
town. It was very kind for them to meet me 78.
at the railway station and drove me to their home. 79.
The Smiths did his best to make me feel 80.
at home. They offered me coffee and other 81.
drinks. We have a good time talking and laughing 82.
together. They were eager know everything about 83.
China and asked me lots of question. In fact, 84.
They are planning to visit China in next year. 85.
3.短文改错解题技巧
（1）解题的步骤通常是，先通读全文。在第一遍通读的时候有两个任务：将明显的错误改出；弄清楚文章的时态、人物、人称。
（2）读第二遍时细读句子，仔细判断，逐句推敲，找出疑点。我们可以核查句子的动词时态、名词单复数、主谓是否一致、代词指代是否一致、并列结构内是否一致、是否出现语义重复等等问题。
（3）做题的时候遵循先易后难的原则。
五、非知识性的指导和建议
1. 首先我们必须牢固掌握它所考查的考点知识，也就是词汇、固定搭配、固定句式和语法知识。
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