本文导航
| Reading Passage 2 |
| Title: |
性格培养 |
| Question types: |
Matching |
| 文章内容回顾 |
人们的personality能改变，每一段讲一个人做了点什么，personality就改变了。 |
| 英文原文阅读 |
Some debates have pervaded the field of psychology since its genesis. Perhaps one of the most salient ones deals with the nature of personality. Personality psychology studies one's distinctive style of cognition, behavior, and affect. However, this concept elicits discord among psychologists as some have insisted that it does not exist, while others struggle with issues of measurement.
Personality, one's characteristic way of feeling, behaving and thinking, is often conceptualized as a person's standing on each Big Five trait (extraversion, neuroticism, openness to experience, agreeableness and conscientiousness). A person's personality profile is thus gauged from his standing on five broad concepts which predict, among other life outcomes, behavior and the quality of interpersonal relationships. Initially, it was believed that one's Big Five profile was static and dichotomous in that one was either at one extreme of each trait or another For example, people are typically categorized as introverted or extraverted. Personality was therefore assessed in terms of generalities or averages. In noticing the strong inconsistencies in how people behaved across situations, some psychologists dismissed personality as nonexistent.
This school of thought attributes human behavior to environmental factors, relegating individual differences to situational artifacts and contesting the existence of individual predispositions. It was led by situationists like Walter Mischel (1968). Their contention held that personality was a fictitious concept. For them, the discrepancies observed across one's behaviors were evidence that interindividual differences did not exist. Some aspects of the situationist perspective even suggest that all human beings are the same and that the differences we observe are simply illusory biproducts of the environment.
However, personologists soon integrated these inconsistencies into their conceptualization of personality. They modified the old, more monolithic construct by measuring how people differ across situations. Their new methods of personality assessment describe fluctuations in personality characteristics as consistent and predictable for each person based on the environment he is in and his predispositions. Some work suggests that people can espouse different levels of a personality dimension as the social situations and time of day change.
Therefore, someone is not conscientious all the time, but can be conscientious at work and a lot less so when she is home. This work also suggests that intrapersonal variations on a trait can be even larger than interpersonal variations. Extraversion varies more within a person than across individuals, for example. This work was based on individual self-ratings during the day across a long period of time. This allowed for researchers to assess moment-to-moment and day to day variations on personality attributes. Personologists now tend to agree that people's personalities are variegated and are not be conceptualized through bipolar characterizations (e.g. extraversion vs introversion). Rather people oscillate between the two extremes of a trait. The pattern of this oscillation then constitutes personality. |
| 题型难度分析 |
据考生回顾，本篇文章也不是很好做，耗费时间比较长。 |
| 题型技巧分析 |
Matching题分为一方是特殊定位词的配对，分类题，段落配标题，段落细节信息定位。一方是特殊定位词的配对主要有人名配观点，时间配事件，地点配事件。这次考试中据考生回忆本篇文章有人名配观点。这种题目在做的时候要注意以下几点：
1. 审题，读Instruction。一般来说，都会有You may use any letter more than once. 遇到这个大写的一行字时，提醒考生一般本题中肯定会有一个字母用两次的，而且只有一个字母会重复。
2. 迅速浏览人名。在文章中圈出人名。
3. 通读配对另一方，划出关键词。
4. 在文章中圈出的人名旁找相应信息与关键词进行匹配。 |
| 剑桥雅思推荐原文练习 |
剑3 Test4 Passage1 |
最新动态：2013年中国雅思IELTS考试时间安排
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雅思（ielts）报考须知 |
|
考试常识介绍 |
雅思考试时间 |
雅思考试内容 |
| 雅思报名入口 |
雅思报名流程图详解 |
| 雅思报名须知/网上报名须知 |
雅思考试评分标准 |
| 雅思当天考试流程介绍 |
雅思考试报名的证件要求 |
| 雅思转考流程图文解析 |
雅思考点一览表 |
| 雅思转考和退考问题解答 |
雅思考试费用与付款常见问题 |
| 雅思成绩复议的问答 |
雅思报名相关问题/考试常见问题解答 |
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>>>>>>雅思考试应用平台，助您考试轻松过关<<<<<< |
来源:考试大-雅思
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本文导航
| Reading Passage 3 |
| Title: |
Design the mat and Foot health 足疗店的设计和足部健康 |
| Question types: |
Sentence completion, Multiple choice |
| 文章内容回顾 |
走路有益健康 |
| 英文原文阅读 |
Foot Health
Your feet must last a lifetime, and most Americans log an amazing 75,000 miles on their feet by the time they reach age 50. Regular foot care can make sure your feet are up to the task. With proper detection, intervention, and care, most foot and ankle problems can be lessened or prevented. Use our foot health information pages to learn more common foot conditions and treatments.
Want to order printed brochures covering various foot health topics? Visit the APMA e-Store!
Arthritis
Arthritis is inflammation and swelling of the cartilage and lining of the joints, generally accompanied by an increase in the fluid in the joints. Each foot has 33 joints that can be afflicted with arthritis.
Diabetes & Cardiovascular Disease
Diabetes
Today's podiatrist plays a key role in helping patients manage diabetes successfully and avoid foot-related complications.
Diabetic Wound Care
A diabetic foot ulcer is an open sore or wound that occurs in approximately 15 percent of patients with diabetes and is commonly located on the bottom of the foot.
High Blood Pressure
High blood pressure is also known as hypertension. Your podiatrist is vitally concerned about hypertension and vascular disease (heart and circulatory problems).
Peripheral Arterial Disease
PAD is caused by a blockage or narrowing of the arteries in the legs when fatty deposits (plaque) build up. The buildup of plaque causes the arteries to harden and narrow.
Peripheral Neuropathy
Peripheral neuropathy is damage of the peripheral nerves—the nerves in your toes and fingertips. In the United States, the most common cause of peripheral neuropathy is diabetes.
Foot & Ankle Injuries
Sprains, Strains & Fractures
The feet and ankles work together to provide support and mobility to the body. A foot or ankle sprain is a soft tissue injury. A fracture is actually a break in the bone.
Muscle & Tendon Problems
Haglund's Deformity
Haglund's Deformity is a bony enlargement of the back of the heel bone. Sometimes it's called “pump bump” because the deformity often occurs in women who wears pumps.
Heel Pain
The heel bone is the largest of the 26 bones in the human foot. Like all bones, it is subject to outside influences that can affect its integrity and cause heel pain.
Tendinitis
Tendinitis is the inflammation of a tendon. Achilles tendinitis, or an inflammation of the Achilles tendon, is one of the most common causes of foot or ankle pain.
Skin Disorders
Athlete's Foot
Athlete's foot is a skin disease caused by a fungus. It most commonly attacks the feet because shoes create a warm, dark, and humid environment which encourages fungus growth.
Corns and Calluses
Corns and calluses are areas of thickened skin that develop to protect that area from irritation. They are usually caused by rubbing or excess pressure against part of the foot.
Psoriasis
Psoriasis is caused by faster-than-normal turnover of skin cells. In people who have psoriasis, the new cells move to the surface so rapidly that the dead cells build up on the surface in dry, whitish-silver patches.
Skin Cancers of the Feet
Skin cancer can develop anywhere on the body, including in the lower extremities. Most skin cancers of the feet are painless, and often there is a history of recurrent cracking, bleeding, or ulceration.
Sweaty Feet
Excessive sweating of the feet is called hyperhidrosis. People whose feet sweat excessively often also have problems with excessive sweating of the palms.
Warts
Warts are one of several soft tissue conditions of the foot that can be quite painful. They are caused by a virus and can appear anywhere on the skin.
Toe Joint & Nerve Disorders
Bunions
A bunion is an enlargement of the joint at the base of the big toe that forms when the bone or tissue at the big toe joint moves out of place.
Hammer Toes
A hammer toe is a contracture, or bending, of the toe at the first joint of the digit, called the proximal interphalangeal joint. This bending causes the toe to appear like an upside-down V when looked at from the side.
Neuromas
A neuroma is a painful condition, also referred to as a “pinched nerve” or a nerve tumor. It is a benign growth of nerve tissue frequently found between the third and fourth toes.
Toenail Problems
Ingrown Toenails
Ingrown toenails, the most common nail impairment, are nails whose corners or sides dig painfully into the soft tissue of nail grooves, often leading to irritation, redness, and swelling.
Toenail Fungus
Toenail fungus is an infection underneath the surface of the nail caused by fungi. The disease is characterized by a progressive change in a toenail's quality and color.
Treatment
Shoe Inserts and Prescription Custom Orthotics
Shoe inserts are any kind of non-prescription foot support designed to be worn inside a shoe. Custom orthotics are specially-made devices designed to support and comfort your feet.
Surgery
Often when pain or deformity persists, surgery may be appropriate to alleviate discomfort or to restore the function of your foot. |
| 题型难度分析 |
由于前两篇文章较难，很多考生到第三篇文章就几乎没有时间做了，所以填空难以找到。 |
| 题型技巧分析 |
填空题的做题步骤：
1. 认真审题，注意黑体大写的单词：NO MORE THAN TWO/THREE WORDS, 有这行字的话一定要符合它的字数要求。
2. 读题，划出关键词，关键词首先是特殊的名词，其次是名词。
3. 预测，预测这个空填的词是名词还是动词，它的词性。
4. 根据关键词去文章中进行定位找答案。 |
| 剑桥雅思推荐原文练习 |
剑8 Test1 Passage3 |
最新动态：2013年中国雅思IELTS考试时间安排
|
雅思（ielts）报考须知 |
|
考试常识介绍 |
雅思考试时间 |
雅思考试内容 |
| 雅思报名入口 |
雅思报名流程图详解 |
| 雅思报名须知/网上报名须知 |
雅思考试评分标准 |
| 雅思当天考试流程介绍 |
雅思考试报名的证件要求 |
| 雅思转考流程图文解析 |
雅思考点一览表 |
| 雅思转考和退考问题解答 |
雅思考试费用与付款常见问题 |
| 雅思成绩复议的问答 |
雅思报名相关问题/考试常见问题解答 |
|
>>>>>>雅思考试应用平台，助您考试轻松过关<<<<<< |
来源:考试大-雅思
责编:hxj 评论 纠错
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