Part3ErrorCorrection：2012翻译资格考
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Part 3 Error Correction
This part consists of 15 sentences; in each sentence there is an underlined part that indicates an error. Below each sentence, there are 4 choices respectively marked by letters A, B, C and D. Choose the word or phrase that can replace the underlined part so that the error is corrected. There is only ONE right answer. Blacken the corresponding letter as required on your Machine-scoring ANSWER SHEET.
36. Not much people realize that apples have been cultivated for over 3,000 years.
A. Not many B. Not enough
C. Without many D. No many
37. The eastern bluebird is considered the most attractive bird native of North America by many bird-watchers.
A. native B. native with
C. native by D. native to
38. All living creatures pass on inherited traits from one generation to other.
A. the other B. another
C. others D. other one
39. Furniture makers use glue to hold joints together and sometimes to reinforce it.
A. its B. fast
C. hard D. them
40. The hard, out surface of the tooth is called enamel.
A. outside B. appearance
C. outer D. hiding
41. The earliest form of artificial lighting was fire, which also provided warm and protection.
A. hot B. sunshine
C. warmth D. safe
42. All mammals have hair, but not always evident.
A. but it is not B. but it is
C. but they are not D. but they are
43. A professor of economic and history at Atlanta University, W.E.B. Du Bois, promoted full racial equality.
A. economy B. economics
C. economical D. economic
44. Machines that use hydraulic pressure including elevators, dentist chairs, and automobile brakes.
A. exclude B. excluding
C. include D. are included
45. The first recorded use of natural gas to light street lamps it was in the town of Frederick, New York, in 1825.
A. was B. is
C. it is D. were
46. Although the social sciences different a great deal from one another, they share a common interest in human relationship.
A. move B. differ
C. change D. varies
47. Unlike competitive running, race walkers must always keep some portion of their feet in contact with the ground.
A. run B. runner
C. runners D. running race
48. A promising note is a written agreement to pay a certain sum of money at some time future.
A. time futures B. futures
C. futures time D. future time
49. New York City surpassed the other Atlantic seaports in partly because it developed the best transportation links with the interior of the country.
A. part B. partial
C. partner D. parting
50. All root vegetables grow underground, and not all vegetables that grow underground are roots.
A. but B. or
C. as D. thus
Section 2: Reading Comprehension (55 points)
In this section you will find after each of the passages a number of questions or unfinished statements about the passage, each with 4 (A, B, C and D) choices to complete the statement. You must choose the one which you think fits best. Then blacken the corresponding letter as required on your Machine-scoring ANSWER SHEET. The time for this section is 75 minutes.
Phyllis Wheatley is regarded as America's first black poet. She was born in Senegal, Africa, about 1753 and brought to America aboard a slave ship at about the age of seven. John and Susannah Wheatley bought her for three pounds at a slave auction in Boston in 1761 to be a personal servant of Mrs. Wheatley. The family had three other slaves, and all were treated with respect. Phyllis was soon accepted as one of the family, which included being raised and educated with the Wheatley's twin 15-year-old children, Mary and Nathaniel. At that time, most females, even from better families, could not read and write, but Mary was probably one of the best educated young women in Boston. Mary wanted to become a teacher, and in fact, it was Mary who decided to take charge of Phyllis's education. Phyllis soon displayed her remarkable talents. At the age of twelve she was reading the Greek and Latin classics and passages from the Bible. And eventually. Mrs. Wheatley decided Phyllis should become a Christian.
At the age of thirteen Phyllis wrote her first poem. She became a Boston sensation after she wrote a poem on the death of the evangelical preacher George Whitfield in 1770. It became common practice in Boston to have "Mrs. Wheatley's Phyllis" read poetry in polite society. Mary married in 1771, and Phyllis later moved to the country because of poor health, as a teacher and caretaker to a farmer's three children. Mary had tried to interest publishers in Phyllis's poems but once they heard she was a Negro they weren't interested.
Then in 1773 Phyllis went with Nathaniel, who was now a businessman, to London. It was thought that a sea voyage might improve her health. Thirty-nine of her poems were published in London as Poems on Various Subjects, Religious and Moral. It was the first book published by a black American. In 1775 Phyllis wrote a poem extolling the accomplishments of George Washington and sent it to him. He responded by praising her talents and inviting her to visit his headquarters. After both of her benefactors died in 1777, and Mary died in 1778, Phyllis was freed as a slave. She married in 1778, moved away from Boston, and had three children. But after the unhappy marriage, she moved back to Boston, and died in poverty at the age of thirty.
51. What does the passage mainly discuss?
A. Slavery and the treatment of the black people in America.
B. The Wheatley family, including their slaves.
C. The life of America's first black poet.
D. The achievements of Phyllis Wheatley.
52. The underlined word "respect" in Paragraph 1 is closest in meaning to ______.
A. consideration B. disregard
C. punishment D. behavior
53. According to the passage, how many slaves did the Wheatley's have?
A. One. B. Two.
C. Three. D. Four.
54. According to the passage, an unusual feature of Mary was that she ______.
A. was not much older than Phyllis
B. wanted to become a teacher
C. was comparatively well educated
D. decided to take charge of Phyllis's education
55. The underlined word "eventually" in Paragraph 1 is closest in meaning to ______.
A. ultimately B. slowly
C. reluctantly D. gradually
56. Which of the following is NOT true about Phyllis in the early 1770s?
A. She wrote her first poem when in her teens.
B. She married in 1771.
C. She became a teacher.
D. She was able to get her poems published.
57. The underlined word "they" in Paragraph 2 refers to ______
A. publishers B. poems
C. children D. black people
58. It can be inferred that Phyllis's trip to England with Nathaniel in 1773 ______
A. did not improve her health
B. was for business reasons
C. led to books of her poems being available in America
D. led to the publication of her poems because the English were more interested in religious and moral subjects
59. The word "extolling" is closest in meaning to ______
A. welcoming B. stating
C. bemoaning D. praising
60. Which of the following conclusions about Phyllis is supported by the passage?
A. She would have been more recognized as a poet if she had not been black.
B. She would have written poetry if she had stayed in Africa.
C. She went unrecognized as a poet during her lifetime.
D. She only wrote religious poetry.
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KEYS：
36.A[分析] 习惯搭配。
根据句意：知道苹果已种植了3,000多年的人不多。people是复数名词，用 not much形容不对;而not many意为“不多”;如：Not many high school students can study abroad.高中生能去留学的不多。因此选项A为答案。
37.D[分析] 习惯搭配。
native表示“(某地)固有的，原产的，(动植物)特有的”之意时，后面一般加to+名词，如：animals native to Africa非洲原产的动物，因此选项D是答案。
38.B[分析] 代词搭配。
根据句意：所有的生物都是一代一代地向下传递其遗传特性。another另一个，泛指同类事物中的另一个：本句是指从一代向另一代传递，因此from one to another是正确选项。
39.D[分析] 代词应用。
所填之词应指代前面提到的joints，是名词复数，所以应用代词them来代替。因此选项D为答案。
40.C[分析] 形容词应用。
outside和outer均有“外部的”意思。但outside一般指物体的外表或表面，而outer指一种相对性，即相对于内部而言的外部或外表， appearance外貌，外观，hiding隐匿：在此指牙齿的外表面，是相对于内部而言的，因此选项 C为答案。
41.C[分析] 名词应用。
此句意为：人工照明的最早方式就是火，而且火还能提供温暖和保护。所填之处应是一个名词，因此应为选项C。
42.A[分析] 结构应用。
此句意为：所有的哺乳动物都有毛发，但并不明显。but引导的句子主语应是指代前面所提的整件事，而不是前句主语all mammals，因此主语应用it;如用选项B，本句就不能用but连接了，因此只有选项A是答案。
43.B[分析] 名词应用。
要注意这几个形近词的应用：A.economy经济，节约，经济制度的状况： B.economics经济学，C.economical节约的，经济的;D.economic经济(上)的，产供销的，经济学的，因此选项B为答案。
44.C[分析] 结构应用。
划线部分应填本句的谓语动词(machines是主语，that use hydraulic pressure是定语)，根据句意，谓语动词应表“包括”之意，且在此不表被动，因此选项C是答案。
45.A[分析] 结构应用。
划线部分应填be动词(the first recorded use of natural gas是主语，to light street lamps是状语)：又因发生在过去，用过去时，所以选项A是答案。
46.B[分析] 习惯搭配。
根据句意：尽管各门社会科学之间有很大的差异，它们却都对人际关系有着共同的兴趣。其中表示：……与……不同，应用动词词组differ…from，而vary from指“不规则地改变成断断续续地改变，强调变化的多样性”，有时也指事物在不同地点、时间、条件下的变化或差异，如：The weather varies from hour to hour in some mountain districts.在某些山区，天气时刻变化。所以只有选项B是答案。
47.C[分析] 名词应用。
本句意为：跟赛跑者不一样，竞走者必须始终使脚的某一部分接触地面。在此相比较的是赛跑者与竞走者，因此答案应在B、C中选择，又因主语 race walkers是复数，所以选项C是答案。
48.D[分析] 结构应用。
此处要注意词序：时间状语是at...time，如：at this (that) time在这(那)时： future在此是形容词“未来的，将来的”，作time的定语;因此选项D是答案。
49.A[分析] 结构应用。
本句意为：纽约市在有些方面胜过其他大西洋沿岸的港口城市，因为它与其他内陆城市发展起了最好的交通联系。在此要表达“部分地，在有些方面”，应用partly或in part(介词in后不能用副词partly，应当用名词part)：而partial部分的，局部的，偏袒的，partner合伙人，股东;parting分别，分歧出;因此选项A是答案。
50.A[分析] 结构应用。
根据句意，前后两句应是转折关系，因此连接词应是表示转折关系的but，而不能用表示并列关系的and;因此选项A是答案。or表示“或”;as“当……之时，随着”;thus“因此，这样”。
Section 2
51.C[分析] 丰旨题型。
本文首先谈及她是美国第一个黑人诗人，后描写了她出生在非洲，被贩卖黑奴的船只带到美国，被John and Susannah Wheatley买去，与其他黑奴一样在这家受到尊重，跟从John and Susannah Wheatley的女儿Mary受教育……：十三岁写出她的第一首诗……;后结婚生子，最终三十岁时穷困而死：因此选项C是答案。
52.A[分析] 词义题型。
从第一段可以看出她虽被卖为奴隶，却受到良好的对待，甚至不久就被当作是家庭的一员(Phyllis was soon accepted as one of the family)，因此respect在此应为consideration体贴，照顾;选项A正确。其余几个选项全是反义。
53.D[分析] 细节题型。
见第一段第四句：The family had three other slaves…她也是被头为奴隶的，……因此这家有4个奴隶;选项D为答案。
54.C[分析] 细节题型。
尽管选项B、C、D都与文章内容相符，但本题问的是Mary本身拥有的与众不同的特点，所以选项C为答案。
55.A[分析] 词义题型。
eventually最后，终于，文章提到Mrs.Wheatley一家将她买为奴隶，却抚养教育她，最终Mrs.Wheatley决定让她成为一个基督徒。选项B.缓慢地; C.不情愿地：D.逐渐地，均不符合题意;因此只有选项A是答案。
56.B[分析] 细节题型。
选项A在第二段第一句中提及;选项C在第二段倒数第二句中提及，选项 D在第三段第三句中提及：只有选项B是错误的：因此B为答案。
57.A[分析] 细节题型。
此句意为：Mary试图使出版商对Phyllis的诗感兴趣，但一旦他们听说Phyllis是个黑人时，就兴趣索然。因此此处的they指的应是选项A。
58.A[分析] 推断题型。
由第三段第二句(It was thought that a sea voyage might improve her health.)可知这只是人们的希望，并不见得能实现;因此选项A为答案。
59.D[分析] 词义题型。
根据上下文，她写诗“extolling”华盛顿的成就并将诗送给他。因此，extolling应为“赞美”之意，选项D正确。
60.A[分析] 主旨题型，
根据全文得知：她才华横溢，十二岁时即能看希腊、罗马名著和圣经，十三岁时写出第一首诗……;但当出版商们得知她是黑人就对她不感兴趣了……。因此我们可总结出：如果她不是黑人，她会得到更多的认可。选项A正确。
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2012年全国翻译专业资格水平考试报名时间汇总 考试时间安排
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